Advanced Placement (AP) Biology Practice Exam

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Which type of chromosomes do females typically have?

YY chromosomes
XY chromosomes
XX chromosomes
X chromosomes only

The correct answer is: XX chromosomes

Females typically have two X chromosomes, which is represented by the notation XX. This chromosomal configuration is crucial for sex determination in many organisms, including humans. The presence of two X chromosomes allows for the proper functioning of genes involved in various biological processes. In contrast, males usually have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The single Y chromosome carries specific genes that influence male development. The options referring to YY chromosomes and X chromosomes only do not accurately represent the normal chromosomal structure of females. YY chromosomes are not typically present in females, as this configuration is a representation of an abnormality and does not occur in normal biological sex determination. Understanding these chromosomal patterns clarifies the basic principles of genetic inheritance and the biological underpinnings of sex differentiation in many species.